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Aberration
Summary
- For an ideal image-forming optical system …
- there is a one-to-one correspondence between points in the object space and points in the image space (that is, points map to points not circles, ellipses or blobs) and
- straight lines in the object space correspond to straight lines in the image space.
- An aberration is a departure of an image-forming optical system from ideal behavior.
- Chromatic aberrations are caused by dispersion (the variation in the index of refraction of a medium with wavelength).
- Longitudinal chromatic aberration (or axial chromatic aberration) occurs because the image distance varies with wavelength
- Lateral chromatic aberration occurs because the the image size varies with wavelength.
- Monochromatic aberrations are caused by geometry (the shape of the lens or mirror).
- Spherical aberration occurs because the focal length of a lens varies with distance from the principal axis.
- Coma
- Distortion
- Astigmatism
- Field Curvature
