Refraction

Resources

birefringence
- Birefringence in Calcite Crystals, Olympus Microscopy Resource Center
- Calomel Single Crystals, Cestmir Barta, BBT - Materials Processing
dispersion
- Dispersion of Sound Waves in Ice Sheets, Andreas Bick, silent listening, 9 May 2008
historical
- Stationary Paths, Kevin Brown, Math Pages
negative index of refraction
- An optical "anti-lens", David Harris, physics.about.com, April 7, 2001
- Bending Light the Wrong Way, M. C. K. Wiltshire, Science, Vol. 292 (2001): 60-61.
- Experimental Verification of a Negative Index of Refraction, R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, S. Schultz, Science, Vol. 292 (2001): 77-79.
- Electrodynamics of Substances with Simultaneous Negative Electrical and Magnetic Permeabilities (pdf), V.G. Veselago, Lebedev Physics Institute, 1964.
- Material Bends Microwaves Backwards, Kimberly Patch, Technology Research News, 11 April 2001
optical fibers
- general
  - Fiber 101, Corning
- architechture
  - UK Pavilion Shanghai World Expo 2010
- biology
  - Is polar bear hair fiber optic? Daniel W. Koon, St. Lawrence University
  - Müller cells are living optical fibers in the vertebrate retina. Kristian Franze, et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. No. 104, Vol. 20 (15 May 2007): 8287-8292.
- tv stone
  - The mineral ulexite, Hershel Friedman, Mineral and Gemstone Kingdom
  - Ulexite (Hydrated Sodium Calcium Borate Hydroxide), Amethyst Galleries, Inc.
  - Ulexite Mineral Data, David Barthelmy, Mineralogy Database
optical meteorology
- Arbeitskreis Meteore (Atmospheric Phenomena), Wolfgang Hinz
- Atmospheric Optics, Les Cowley
- Atmospheric Optics Photography, Harald Edens (weather-photography.com)
- Atmospheric Phenomena, Pekka Parviainen
  - Mirages in Finland, thisisFINLAND
- Circles of Light: The Mathematics of Rainbows, Frederick J. Wicklin & Paul Edelman, University of Minnesota
- Green Flash Page, Andrew T. Young, San Diego State University
- Light and Optics: Online Meteorology Guide, Weather World 2010, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- The Min Min light and the Fata Morgana: An optical account of a mysterious Australian phenomenon [pdf]. John D Pettigrew. Clinical and Experimental Optometry. 86.2 (March 2003): 109-120.
miscellaneous
- Emerald and the politics of Opticon treatment, Richard W. Hughes, ruby-sapphire.com
- Why do waves travel towards a shore no matter which way the wind blows? Last Word, New Scientist
video on demand
- The Mechanical Universe and Beyond
  - Optics, Many properties of light are properties of waves, including reflection, refraction, and diffraction.

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